What is Working Capital and Why Does it Matter?

Find the right level of working capital to grow a healthy business

Find the right level of working capital to grow a healthy business

Working Capital is an important financial metric for understanding your company’s operating liquidity (the ability to convert your assets into cash for the purpose of paying the bills). Knowing your amount of working capital can also guide your inventory strategies, leading to smarter buying decisions.

By the book, the definition of working capital is:

Working Capital = Current Assets Current Liabilities 

In other words, it’s the cash you have left over once all payments due to you are collected and your bills are paid.

If your company maintains an inventory of goods that you sell to your customers, the formula can be expanded to:

Inventory Value (value of items for sale and items used to make goods for sale)

+ Receivables from Customers (cash owed to company for sales)

+ Rebates from Suppliers (Discounts for buying a certain value, quantity, or within a certain timeframe)

Payables to Suppliers (cost of inventory)

= Working Capital.

What’s considered a healthy working capital varies from industry to industry – but in theory it should be as low as possible.

A low working capital is a strong indicator that your company is finding the right balance between what you have on your shelves, the revenue you are generating, the investments you are making in your future, and the debts you owe.

A high working capital can be a sign your business is booming, but it can also mean you’re missing investment and growth opportunities.

Another Insightful Approach

In the business world, working capital is usually measured not by the cash figure of assets minus liabilaties, but by what’s known as your current ratio, which is:

Current Ratio = Current Assets Current Liabilities 

According to Investopedia, your business should aim for a current ratio between 2.0 to 1.2, but this varies by industry; here are some average current ratios for industries you’re likely in, according to CSIMarket:

  • Internet, Mail Order, & Online Shops: 1.12
  • Wholesale: 1.29
  • Food Processing: 1.26
  • Miscellaneous Manufacturing: 1.55

A ratio higher than 2 is a sign that you’re not properly using your funds – either in the form of carrying too much inventory or not capitalizing on extra cash by investing in growing your business, while a ratio lower than 2 may make it difficult to find the cash you’ll need to pay your suppliers and other debts.

The metric changes as quickly as you make sales, pay suppliers, or increase your inventory – but by understanding how the decisions you make affect it, you can take control of your working capital instead of letting it control you.

Here are some aspects of your operations to consider as you create your working capital management strategy:

Turn Down Supplier Discounts

Just say no (sometimes)! Avoid the temptation to take advantage of supplier discounts when they mean ordering more inventory than you need right now.

Sure, you could buy three times the materials to reduce your per item cost by 75{cb377218d5687e54e8ee9149518f87201a393a7c1db5e8076e9d750029ec0dc3}. But unless you can actually sell that inventory, you risk filling your shelves with stuff that can quickly become obsolete, broken, or buried.

By collecting data to understand your what your customers want and when, you can better decide when it’s the right time to take advantage of these discounts.

Achieve Negative Working Capital

There are two ways to look at negative working capital – one way is a signal of financial distress for a company indicating you have spent more money than you have.

A more positive definition involves a strategy that requires careful thought and planning.

By setting terms of payment with your suppliers that give you enough time to collect from your customers before you pay for the raw materials of the items you sold – you are in essence borrowing cash from your suppliers to free up more money for your day to day operations.

This strategy requires an in-depth understanding of your customer demand cycles to ensure its possible to sell all your inventory and collect from your customers prior to your invoice due dates.

Negotiate your payment terms with your own billing cycle in mind. Be sure to give yourself an overlap period where you have cash payments in the bank, but no invoices due for the products and materials you just sold.

For example, let’s say you made $100 in sales for product X and have collected all payments due from your customers.

You owe your suppliers $50 for the raw goods you used to make product X, but the invoice isn’t due for another two weeks.

Because working capital only factors in supplier payments that are currently due, your working capital is a $100 ahead instead of only $50 – which is what it would be if you had to pay your supplier at the same time you collected payment.

Maintaining a negative working capital balance frees up cash to take advantage of opportunities to spend money on growing your business and reducing debts.

Control Inventory Levels

Inventory reduction plays a major role in achieving an ideal working capital – the less inventory on hand, the less you owe to suppliers, tipping your working capital in your favor.

Take control of your inventory levels by putting your sales and purchasing history data to work helping you predict the optimal levels of inventory necessary to operate.

The goal is to use that data to find the right balance between demand, production, and ordering raw materials or stock.

Order too much and you’ve tied up cash resources in product or materials that aren’t making you money. Purchase too little and now you run the risk of losing sales to your competitors who do have the product available for sale.

If this all seems like an elaborate guessing game, you’re not alone. Learn more about inventory reduction in our earlier post. From “lead times” to “just-in-time,” it covers the basics you need to know to get started.

Find the Balance, Achieve Results

Businesses of any size can find a healthy balance of inventory, taking advantage of supplier discounts, and payment cycles by leveraging inventory management software thanks to cloud-based tools like DEAR Inventory.

 

Want Better Data to Make Better Decisions?

Experience the tracking and reporting power of modern cloud-based inventory management software by starting your free 14-day trial of DEAR Inventory today!

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Use Product Bundling to Grow Your Profits

Grow your customer base and increase average order size with product bundling!

Grow your customer base and increase average order size with product bundling!

Growing a business means growing sales, which can be done a few ways.  A couple of go-to strategies include finding more customers and increasing your average order size.

Wouldn’t it be nice if you could do both at the same time, all while making your offerings more attractive than the competition’s?

Luckily, there’s 1 simple strategy that does exactly this:

It’s called product bundling.

Product bundling is the process of offering several products for sale as one combined product.

But is it actually an effective way to grow a business?

To test this, researchers in the Netherlands conducted a study to understand the effects of bundles on purchasing decisions.

Their study revealed that product bundling does, in fact, create an incentive for consumers to not only choose to buy from a particular brand (hard enough in and of itself), but even go so far as to switch from one brand to another (even harder).

So if the shop across the street offers a single slice of pizza, but you offer a slice paired with chips and a soda, customers are more likely to choose you over them.

But it’s not as easy as just throwing 2 or 3 products together and putting them on your digital or physical shelves… there a few things you need to know to make product bundling successful.

Read on to check out our 5 tips to start profiting from the power of product bundling quickly and easily.

1. Offer “Mixed Bundling” not “Pure Bundling”

When it comes to marketing, there are two types of bundles:

  • “Pure bundling” is when you ONLY offer a bundle, without offering those same products as standalone items.
  • “Mixed bundling” is when you offer standalone products AND a bundle of those products. It’s also the best type of bundle if you want more cash and customers.

2 researchers, Vineet Kumar and Timothy Derdenger, studied the sales of Nintendo’s Game Boy Advance and Game Boy Advance SP consoles, along with the games for both devices, between 2001 and 2005.

Essentially, they found that even though consumers may perceive the value a bundle (the Game Boy + a game) less than the individual components, they still bought MORE units of the bundle than of the individual products.

A driving factor behind this, though, was that consumers had a choice – they could either buy the bundle or buy the game and system separately; a “mixed bundle.”

When Nintendo offered a “pure bundle,” revenues decreased by 20{cb377218d5687e54e8ee9149518f87201a393a7c1db5e8076e9d750029ec0dc3}, meaning hardware sales fell by millions, and software sales fell by over 10. Ouch!

If you want to maximize your ROI from product bundling, make sure you clearly present both standalone and bundle options to your customers.

2. Offer Bundles That Make Sense

The key to great bundles is pairing related items together.

For example, a Christmas tree cookie cutter + box of cookie mix + frosting is a festive baking bundle. These products logically belong together and complement each other.

Some producers accidentally find themselves offering a “multi-pack” instead of a bundle.

In this example, a multi-pack would be a star cookie cutter + a tree cookie cutter + an ornament cookie cutter sold together. Since they’re variations on the same product, this isn’t the kind of “bundle” we’re talking about.

You also want to be careful not to offer totally unrelated items, like a 6-plate set + a mop.

Sure, they’re both “household items,” and you might use both in the kitchen, but they don’t match the “buyer’s intent.” When someone is thinking of buying plates, they’re thinking about how they’ll look when they serve dinner guests and if they’ll match their silverware, not how they’re going to clean their floors after everyone’s left.

If you want a quick way to find bundle ideas, search for products related to yours on Amazon, then look at the “frequently purchased together” section under a particular product’s listing.

With all the data Amazon has at its disposal, it’s a safe bet that they’re offering the items that are most likely to sell together, signaling to you which products you’ll be able to successfully sell in a bundle.

Learn more about crafting unique bundles to sell on Amazon here.

3. Create a “Bundle Brand”

An often overlooked value of product bundling is that it allows you to create a totally unique product, with a unique SKU, that your competition will find much harder to replicate.

Think about it this way:

There could be 20 sellers of selling plates that look like some you’re offering.

But fewer sellers could offer a bundle pack of plates and silverware that both look similar to those you could offer.

And if you create a special brand, a trademarked “collection” of dinnerware, copying you will be near impossible.

The more products you have in a category, the more possibilities you have to mix and match to create totally unique listings.

And the more likely your bundles will help you stand out from the crowd.

4. Sell on Bundle-Friendly Platforms

Recognizing the value of product bundling, the major internet retailers are very friendly toward product bundling and will gladly help you set up new bundles. But any well-established marketplace is great for testing different bundles to find a winning package.

So if you’re business’s ecommerce site is already generating a good amount of sales, the right plugins will help you test out new ideas quickly.

Here’s a bit more information on bundling using top ecommerce platforms:

Amazon

Amazon has a straightforward list of rules and recommendations for product bundling. Learn more about their policies and recommendations here.

Shopify

The Shopify app store includes an app that makes it easy to offer bundles just like Amazon’s “frequently purchased together” section, as well as discounts when customers buy them. Check out the app here.

Woocommerce

The Woocommerce Extension Store also features product bundling app similar to the one offered for Shopify, check it out here.

5. Track Bundle Sales and Adjust Accordingly

Wouldn’t it be nice to be able to read your customers’ minds and create product bundles you know they’ll buy?

Then be sure to collect data on their buying patterns!

To create effective bundles, you’ll want to collect customer data around:

  • What they buy separately
  • What they buy together
  • How often they’re buying
  • How much they’re willing to spend

Once you know all this, you can create bundles tailored specifically for your existing customers to grow your repeat business, as well as grow your average order size for new and existing business.

And don’t stop collecting that data!

Continue to track the success and failures of your product bundles and adjust them accordingly.

But how do you effectively track your sales and customer data?

With inventory management software that centralizes all your stock management and tracking under one hub, seamlessly integrates with multiple ecommerce platforms (including the ones we listed above), and gives you up-to-the-minute reports about your customers’ buying habits.

 

Ready To Profit from Product Bundling?

Experience the stress-free automation and integration that cloud-based inventory management software can provide your ecommerce business.
Start your free 14-day trial of DEAR Inventory today!!

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